Most Famous Programming Languages and Their Uses.

Most Famous programming languages 

These are the most famous and demanding languages and are being widely used in the world right now.

• C

• objective C

• C++

• C# (read as C sharp)

• Java

• Python

• JavaScript

• PHP

• Swift

• R

C

  C is a general purpose, procedural programming language designed by "Dennis Ritchie". C language appeared first time in 1972. Since than it became very popular. it is very fast and efficient programming language that's why it is mostly used in those projects where speed is priority. 

Uses:

C language is being used in the following fields.

• Development of operating systems
• Embedded systems
• Desktop applications
• word processors
• spreadsheets
• Database systems
• compilers, interpreters and assemblers
• device drivers

Objective-C

Objective-C is general purpose object oriented language. It is the extension of C language that added the object oriented functionality. Objective-C was designed by "Tom Love" and "Brad Cox". it first appeared in the year 1977.

Uses:

• develop software for iOS and OS X 
• mostly wherever normal C is used

C++

C++ is a full object-oriented programming language. it is very famous and powerful language. It belongs to the C family but it contains many extra and advance features than C. It was designed by "Bjarne Straustrup". this language appeared first time in 1985. 

Uses:

• Desktop applications
• Game Development
• web development
• Embedded systems
• Database systems

C# 

As it is clear from name, C# language is also from C family. but it has different approach than previous languages of C family. it is a modern, simple but powerful language. its syntax is easier than of C or C++. It was designed by "Andels Hejlsber". C# made its first appearance in the year 2000.

Uses:

• Game development
• Desktop applications
• Web Applications
• Back-end services

Java

Java is a high level, classed base language. it is famous for its complexity but it is very powerful. It was designed by "James Goslin". it first appeared in 1995. It contain fast and modern approach. It is very widely used language in the world.

Uses:

• Windows App development
• Android OS development
• Android App development
• Website development
• Back-end services
• cloud based Apps
• Game development
• database technologies

Python

Python is another powerful high level language.It is a modern language and very complex projects can be created very quickly and easily in python. It was designed by "Guido van Rossum". it came out in the year 1991.

Uses:

• Machine learning and Artificial Intelligence
• data Science
• website development
• desktop applications
• task automation
• game development

JavaScript

JavaScript also called JS is an interpreted language that was mainly created for web development and was only used in browser tasks. but now with the help of Node we can use JavaScript anywhere just like other languages like python, java etc. Initially JavaScript was designed by "Brendon Eich" from Netscape. other developers also contributed in development through ECMAScript standard. It made its first appearance in 1995.

Uses:

• Website development
• back-end development
• server-side processing
• web applications
• Smart watch Applications

PHP

PHP is acronym for "hypertext preprocessor" it is a general purpose scripting language designed by "Rasmus Lerdrof" it came out in 1995. it was specially designed for using in web development.

Uses:

• it is embedded with HTML and used for server side scripting.
• it is used to link with databases and perform many operations in the back-end.

Swift

swift is general purpose compiled programming language designed by Apple inc. and open source community. it came out in 2014. it is a replacement for objective-C to write software for Apple devices.

Uses:

• creating softwares for Apple devices like Mac, iPhone, Apple smart TV, Apple smart watch etc.

R 

R is a programming language designed by "Ross lhaka" and "Robert Gentleman" in 1993. it also provides a free software environment for statistical computing and Graphics.

Uses:

• Developing statistical softwares
• sorting, cleaning and analyzing data.
• statistical works and graphics.

iphone vs android which is better

iPhone vs Android

If someone wants to buy a new phone, there are two options to go for android or iphone. In this article we will take a look at both of them and will analyze pros and cons of both.

Android is an operating system developed by Google. many companies like Samsung, realme, xiaomi etc. use it in their phones while iphone use their own operating system known as iOS which is created by Apple itself. No other company uses iOS except Apple.

Following are some factors that you should know before deciding which phone is best for you.

Hardware compatibility

In iphone the hardware and the software both are created by the same company and these are specially designed for each other. So they are so well compatible and optimized for each other.

While in case of android there are so many companies who use different types of hardware and also different software with android like there own UI (user interface), settings etc. so they are not perfectly compatible sometimes and can’t be optimized very well

Price

Usually Apple’s products are very powerful and are top headers, but the prices of Apple products are also high.

While in case of android as there are many companies manufacturing lots of different models. So android is usually available in every price range though cheaper android phones can’t perform equal to expensive phones but still they are good for day to day users and it should be mentioned as a plus point for android.

Finding the best phone for you

In android there are so many companies who manufacture phones. There prices and quality is also different. Also there are tons of models in the market so for a new user it is really hard to find a perfect phone which suits best for him/her.

While in case of iphone there is only one company that manufacture iphone also there are limited no of models available. So it is easy for a user to find a perfect phone for him/her.

Updates and support

In android the companies consistently keep launching new models every month. So the older phones become old very fast. Android phones receive very less updates and their support is not good.

While in iphones due to limited no of models there updates are consistent and support is very good. Even the phones released years ago are still receiving updates and support.

Apps

The number of apps available on google playstore is lot more than the apps available on the iphone appstore. But! The apps on iphone are far safer and there are no or very less malware or harmful apps.

While on Google playstore there are many harmful and malware apps that can steal your data or damage your device. For example once a fake copy of whatsapp messenger was uploaded on the Google playstore and until they realized and removed it its millions of copies were installed by users.

Security and Privacy

If you care about security and privacy there is only one choice for you that is : iPhone

The security and privacy protection is very terrible on android because android is the product of Google and it is their business motive to collect users data, monitor their searches, and understand their interests to show them custom advertisement.

While in case of iphone there business model is different they don’t collect data for advertisement. In fact There security system is very good and reliable.

Adopting new technologies

There are so many companies who manufacture android phones and they release new and new models very fast. They always keep working to make their products better and introduce something new. That’s why usually android phones adopt new technologies and features like fast charging, wireless charging, amoled screens, 5G etc. very fast.

While iphone usually releases new model after around an year. So they have to wait till the next model to introduce new features.

Gaming

In terms of gaming both platforms are considered good among the fans but I believe that iphone have a slight upper hand because of the following factors.

Optimization:

as mentioned earlier that in iphone hardware and software are manufactured by the same company. So compatibility and optimization of games and apps is easier for developers. While in android there are lots of different models with different specifications and type of hardware. So it is very hard to optimize games and apps for every phone.

Hacking and cracking:

In android hacking and cracking games is easy for example if there is a paid game on Google playstore you can download its cracked version for from third party websites for free, or there are many ways to hack a game and cheat in it like getting unlimited coins, unlocking characters or different things etc.

But thanks to the good security system any of these things are not possible (or at least not easy) on iphone.

ATTENTION! “Do Not Try Any Of These Things In Your Phone. Not Only It Is Illegal But Also It Can Cause Security Threat to Your Device and Your Data”.

Battery and storage

If you want a bigger battery or more storage than android is your best friend. Android is available in wide variety of models with different battery and storage capacity so you can choose whatever you want in your price range.

While in iphone the battery and storage is fixed and you have no choice.

Resell value

In terms of resell value iphone is a lot better even the iphone released 3,4 years ago cost fine amount of money if you buy in used condition.

While android have very low resell value because new models are releasing so fast and older models are getting devalued very fast.

Virtual assistant

Google introduced artificial intelligence based virtual assistant that you can interact with your voice and do so many things. Answering to that Apple introduced their own AI based virtual assistant known as Siri. That is improving with time. But until now Google assistant beats Siri and it can do some advance things that siri can’t do yet.

Customization and control

In terms of customization and control the victorious is android because in android you are a lot more in control and you can customize a lot of things like you can download external themes, change UI and completely change how it looks. Rooting is a process that gives you even more control of your phone and you can access the settings that developers hide from you. But after rooting your warranty goes out and company is not responsible if you do any damage to your phone while interfering with system.

Conclusion

So now after reading all these points I hope you got the understanding of all the factors. With all the pros and cons in mind now you can decide that which factors are more important for you and which one suits you perfectly.

Microsoft Windows vs mac OS: which OS is better.

 

Microsoft Windows and Mac Os are two of the most famous Operating systems available on this planet along with Linux. Windows is created by Microsoft while Mac OS is the product of Apple. Both Operating systems came up in many versions and are keep getting updates regularly.

Mac OS 12.0 Monterey is the latest version of Mac OS released on 25 Oct. 2021. while from Microsoft, Windows 11 is the latest Operating system released on Oct 5, 2021. (windows 10 vs windows 11)

So let's compare some factors between both of the operating systems and see which one is better. I hope after reading this article you will be able to decide which OS is best for you.

Installation

The first and foremost thing for working with software is to install it. Installing windows is easy and self-explanatory. the installation setup will guide you completely and you can install windows pretty easily. even you can also install windows using your voice commands with Cortana.

Mac OS usually comes up pre-installed with Macbooks or mac computers. but if you want to reinstall or update then you can do it. through the system preferences. both Operating systems can install device drivers automatically for mouse, keyboard, storage, or other common devices.

User Interface and customization

Both operating systems provide a decent user interface for users that looks good as well as easy to use. There are many types of customization options available in both operating systems like wallpaper, desktop background selection, dark or light theme selection font or items size changing, etc.

Even with these things common still both operating systems' interface looks entirely different than the other. so it's all personal preference that which one you like more. some people find Mac OS a bit easier and simple than Windows. that is because the windows interface is more feature-rich while mac OS focuses more on the user-friendly and clean environment.

Apps

Both of the operating systems have some common built-in apps like calculator, calendar, notepad, media players, etc.(list of pre-installed apps in mac OS) 

Both operating systems have their own app stores. from where you can download lots of apps and software. although you can download and install softwares from third-party websites. in both mac OS and windows.as well.

overall the quantity of apps available in windows is a lot more than in the mac OS. but the quality of mac OS apps is unbeatable. Also in windows, if you are downloading apps from non-official websites then there is a chance of downloading malware on your PC.

Security and stability

In terms of security, Macs are known to be more secure than windows. Although the Windows Operating system also gives great importance to the security of users and most of their updates are based on security patches and improvements.

Is it really true that Macs are secure?

according to a report from an information-security company Malwarebytes, in 2019 Macs faced more malware attacks than Windows PCs. you can read more by clicking here.

In terms of stability Both Operating systems are putting great effort to provide a stable and bug-free experience to users but no one is perfect in this world. Both OSes actually have some flaws and problems but there are barely any of those that can cause any trouble. they also keep providing updates that fix the bugs in previous versions. 

But Talking specifically According to most of the users' Mac OS is more stable than windows.

Gaming

One of the most important fields for computer users is Gaming. Most of the people buy computers only for gaming. So it is very important to see how good a gaming experience you will get on an Operating system.

If we compare specifically about gaming there is only one answer and that is Windows. windows have a lot better support for gaming and is best suitable. Almost all famous computer games are developed targeting windows. Also the latest components like Graphics cards and gaming equipements like steering wheels, controllers etc. are supported by windows and windows can get best use out of them.

another important factor for not only gaming but overall computer experience is upgradability. windows computers are more easily upgradable and you can hook up your computer with better components and increase up its performance.

Now this doesn't mean that you can only play games on windows. There are many games available for macOS as well. If you need a computer for professional work and want to play some games casually then there is no problem going for mac. only thing you need to do before is to check whether your favourite game is available on mac or not.

Accessibility

Both of the operating systems have some especial acccessibilty features. with the help of these features some people with different dissabilities can also use a computer easily. for example in mac OS voice over feature is used to give instructions to computer with simply speaking or through an audio, magnifying cursor is a feature used to magnify items wherever the cursor is moved that way a user can see and interact with the items on the screen with weak eyesight.

along with these features like high contrast, color control, voice recognition etc. Windows Operating System have the most advanced accessibility feature which is called eye control. with the help of this feature a user can give instructions to the computer just with the movement of his eyes.

Winows 10 vs windows 11, should you really upgrade ?

 

Windows 10 vs windows 11

What is Windows 11

windows 11 is the latest operating system released by Microsoft on October 5, 2021. it is the first upgrade after Windows 10 that was released in 2015 and kept receiving updates regularly. They claimed that even after the release of windows 11, windows 10 will still keep getting updates untill 2025.

But now the question is that is it really agood idea to upgrade to windows 11? because it is also true that windows 11 is a new OS and it can have many bugs and issues.So let's check out some facts, and I hope after reading this article you will be able to decide whether you should upgrade or not.

System requirements

in order to decide whether you should upgrade to windows 11 or not you should first check whether your system meets the specs required to run Windows 11. 

Here is the comparisons of  system requirements for both windows 10 and 11.

Win 11 system requirements Processor 1 gigahertz (GHz) or faster with 2 or more cores on a compatible 64-bit processor or System on a Chip (SoC). RAM 4 gigabyte (GB). Storage 64 GB or larger storage device  System firmware UEFI, Secure Boot capable. Check here for information on how your PC might be able to meet this requirement. TPM Trusted Platform Module (TPM) version 2.0. Check here for instructions on how your PC might be enabled to meet this requirement. Graphics card Compatible with DirectX 12 or later with WDDM 2.0 driver. Display High definition (720p) display that is greater than 9” diagonally, 8 bits per color channel.

Windows 10 system requiremnts ·  Processor: 1 gigahertz (GHz) or faster processor or SoC ·  RAM: 1 gigabyte (GB) for 32-bit or 2 GB for 64-bit ·  Hard disk space: 16 GB for 32-bit OS or 20 GB for 64-bit OS ·  Graphics card: DirectX 9 or later with WDDM 1.0 driver ·  Display: 800 x 600

it can be seen that windows 11 system requirements are much higher than of windows 10. especially graphics card requirements and TPM requirements must be checked before upgrading.

price

Microsoft did a good thing. they allowed the windows 10 users to upgrade to windows 11 for free without any additional cost. just like they did when windows 10 was released they gave a free upgrade to windows 7 and 8.1 users. 

User Interface

user interface is very important for any software to get good impact and ease of access. In windows 11 UI is significantly more improved and polished for example now corners of windows are rounded and start button+taskbar icons are moved to center that feels more like MacOS or ChromeOS however you can change them back to left if you want. there are many other changes as well that you can experience if you try out windows 11 in your computer.

Performance

Microsoft claims that there is fine improvement in performance in windows 11. windows 11 does improves the memory management so the programs can run more efficiently and smooth.Another improvement is about sleep mode. while in sleep mode your memory still remains energized so a computer can wake from sleep 25% faster.

As a web browser Microsoft edge is recommended to use in windows 11. it will significantly improve resources management and performance will be 32% to 37% faster in windows 11 as compared to windows 10.

for more information on optimization and performance improvement of windows 11 click here.

Bugs

As mentioned before windows 11 is a new OS while windows 10 is there for many years so you can expect more bugs and issues in windows 11. but thats not a thing to worry too much Microsoft will definitely fix in next updates.

Supporting Android Applications

one of the best features of windows 11 is that it brings the support to the android applications. that means you can run android apps to in your computer. though it is available in only beta insider program yet. 

while it is the windows 11 exclusive feature and will not be available in windows 10 because windows 11 uses a different subsystem for android.

Updates

Microsoft claimed that windows 11 will receive annual updates like MacOS instead of windows 10 that was receiving new updates every six months. According to them windows 10 will still receive updates until 2025. but it is not sure that they will continue semi-year update system or not.

Security

As being tha latest OS Windows 11 is more secure and likely to be receiving more security updates as well. So if you want a latest and secure OS, and your system also meets the requirements to run windows 11 than I suggest you to go ahead and try it out, 

Good Luck.

Intel core i series vs AMD Ryzen which one is better

 

Intel vs AMD

Intel and AMD are two main companies that manufacture Computer processors. Both companies are always coming up with new and more advanced features to beat their rivals. both of the companies have released many different powerful processors.

In earlier days Intel was dominating all the way, but things changed when AMD released their Ryzen series processors. AMD Ryzen CPUs gained huge popularity because they are powerful and very price efficient. these CPUs usually have more cores & threads than of Intel and perform really well in multitasking and professional works.

Now there is tough competition between both of the companies and it is not easy to say that which one is better. Also both companies have released many models and versions of processors from time to time.

Specifications

both companies have four main categories of CPUs on which they keep releasing new and advanced models for all categories.

Intel core i series

Intel core i3, core i5, core i7 and core i9 are the categories from Intel on which i3 CPUs are cheapest and less powerful while i9 CPUs are most expensive and most powerful processors.

 core i3, i5 and i7 are available in 12 different generations, from first generation to 12th generation. while core i9 is available only in 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th generation. As higher the generation the more powerful are the CPUs and are more expensive as well. Intel is releasing higher generations from time to time with more upgrades and better features

Intel core i series specs

Cores	Threads	Models
2	2	Core i3  1st  – 4th gen
2	4	Core i5  1st gen , core i3  5th  -7th gen
4	4	Core i5 1st -7th gen, core i3 8th gen
4	8	Core i7 1st -7th gen, core i3 10th gen, i7 7th
6	6	I5 8th -9th gen
6	12	Core i7 5th gen, core i5 10th-11th gen
8	16	Core i7 5th -11th gen (some models), core i9 9th & 11th gen
10	16	Core i5 12th gen
10	20	Core i9 10th gen
12	20	Core i7 12th gen
16	24	Core i9 12th gen

AMD Ryzen series

Talking about AMD they also have 4 main categories like intel. these are called Ryzen 3, Ryzen 5, Ryzen 7 and Ryzen 9 CPUs.  They also released many generations with improvements and advanced technologies. for example Ryzen chips are available in 1st generation to 5th generation. or also known as 1000 series to 5000 series. 

Ryzen series specs

Cores	Threads	Models
2	2
2	4
4	4	Ryzen 3 1st  - 3rd gen
4	8	Ryzen 3 3rd  gen, ryzen 5 1st-2nd gen
6	6	Ryzen 5 3rd gen
6	12	Ryzen 5 1st-5th gen
8	16	Ryzen 7 1st-5th gen
10	20
12	24	Ryzen 9 3rd & 5th gen
16	32	Ryzen 9 3rd & 5th gen

 

latest CPUs

Intel core i series

 The 12th generation is latest generation from intel released in November 2021.

AMD Ryzen

From AMD their latest series is Ryzen 5000 series. released in October 2020

Conclusion

Both companies have some really decent options in different price categories. AMD Ryzen CPUs usually have more cores and threads so they perform really well in multitasking, rendering, editing or other tasks where more cores and threads come in to use.

while Intel CPUs have high clock speed and they are unbeatable in single core performance so they perform extremely well in Gaming.

so here is my conclusion 

✓ for multitasking, editing, streaming or professional works Best choice is  AMD Ryzen series

✓ for only Gaming or those works where single core performance is important Intel Core i series is your best friend